Taw qhia rau paj rwb thiab cellulose
Paj rwb, lub ntuj muaj fiber los ntawm cov paj rwb cog, feem ntau yog tsim ntawm cellulose. Cellulose, ib tug nyuaj carbohydrate, yog lub ntsiabtsheej tseem ceeb ntawm cov phab ntsa ntawm tes hauv cov nroj tsuag, muab kev pab rau cov txheej txheem. Kev rho tawm cov cellule ntshiab los ntawm cov paj rwb yuav cuam tshuam nrog cais cov cellulose los ntawm lwm cov duab paj rwb, xws li livin, teeb meem.
Paj rwb cog anatomy
Nkag siab txog lub cev ntawm cov paj rwb yog qhov tseem ceeb rau cellulose rho tawm. Paj rwb fibers yog noob trichomes, uas txhim kho los ntawm cov kab mob ntawm lub cellesed. Cov fibers muaj feem ntau ntawm cellulose, nrog cov protein me me, waxes, thiab suab thaj. Paj rwb fibers loj hlob nyob rau hauv bolls, uas yog tiv thaiv cov ntsiav tshuaj uas encase cov noob.
Cellulose Cov Txheej Txheem
Sau qoob: Cov txheej txheem pib nrog kev sau qoob loo paub tab ntawm cov paj rwb nroj tsuag. Mechanical sau yog cov qauv ntau tshaj plaws, qhov twg tshuab cov tshuab tshem cov bolls los ntawm cov nroj tsuag.
Ginning: Tom qab sau qoob, lub paj rwb hauv qab xim ginning ginning, uas cov noob sib cais los ntawm cov fibers. Tus txheej txheem no cuam tshuam cov paj rwb los ntawm gin machinery uas tshem cov noob los ntawm cov fibers.
Kev ntxuav tu: Thaum sib cais los ntawm cov noob, cov paj rwb fibers yauv tu kom tshem tawm impurities xws li av, nplooj, thiab lwm yam khoom nroj tsuag. Cov kauj ruam no ua kom ntseeg tau tias cov kev rho tawm cellulose yog qhov siab huv.
Carding: Daim npav yog cov txheej txheem kho tshuab uas ua tiav cov paj rwb ua ke rau hauv lub vev xaib nyias. Nws tshem tawm ib qho seem uas cuam tshuam thiab ua kom haum cov fibers hauv kev npaj rau kev ua ntxiv.
Degumming: Paj rwb fibers muaj cov impurities zoo xws li waxes, pectins, thiab raug hu ua "cov pos hniav." Degumming koom nrog kev kho cov paj rwb fibers nrog alkaline daws lossis cov enzymes kom tshem tawm cov impurities no.
Tshuaj dawb: Tshuaj dawb yog ib kauj ruam xaiv tau tab sis feem ntau ua haujlwm rau ntxiv ua pa cellulose fibulose thiab txhim kho lawv txoj kev dawb huv. Ntau yam tshuaj pleev xim kas fes xws li hydrogen peroxide lossis chlorine derivatives yuav siv hauv tus txheej txheem no.
Mercerization: Muaj kev lom zem koom nrog kho cov cellulose fibulose nrog lub cellulose alkali daws, feem ntau sodium obroHide. Tus txheej txheem no tsub kom cov hmoov muaj zog, luster, thiab ib qho tseem ceeb rau cov neeg tuag, ua rau lawv haum ntau rau ntau yam kev siv.
Acid Hydrolysis: qee kis, tshwj xeeb rau cov laj thawj muaj cov hom phiaj ua kom tawg ntxiv rau hauv me me, muaj ntau yam sib txawv. Tus txheej txheem no cuam nrog kho lub cellulose nrog dilute acid nyob rau hauv cov kev pab cuam rau hydrolyze, yielding luv luv cellulose chains lossis cellulose nanocrystals.
Ntxuav thiab ziab qhuav: Ua raws cov tshuaj kho mob, cov cellulose cov fibers yog kom huv si ntxuav kom tshem tawm cov tshuaj uas tseemceeb lossis kev tsis sib xws. Tom qab, cov fibers tau qhuav rau cov ntsiab lus noo noo.
Cov ntawv thov ntawm cellule ntshiab
Cov cellulose ntshiab tau txais los ntawm cov paj rwb nrhiav cov ntawv thov hla ntau yam lag luam:
Textiles: Cellulose fibers yog spun rau hauv xov thiab woven rau hauv cov ntaub rau cov khaub ncaws, tsev textiles, thiab kev siv khoom.
Ntawv thiab ntawv pov thawj: Cellulose yog thawj cov qauv ntawm daim ntawv, ntawv me me, thiab cov duab los qhia cov duab.
Biofuels: Cellulose tuaj yeem hloov mus rau hauv biofuels xws li ethanol los ntawm cov txheej txheem xws li enzymatic hydrolysis thiab fermentation.
Cov khoom lag luam thiab cov khoom lag luam: cellulose derivatives yog siv raws li cov thickeners, stabulizers, thiab emulsifiers hauv cov khoom noj thiab cov khoom noj.
Cov tshuaj pleev ib ce: Cov tshuaj pleev cellulose tau siv cov tshuaj pleev ib ce thiab cov khoom siv saib xyuas tus kheej rau lawv cov khoom siv tuab thiab ruaj khov.
Kev rho tawm cov cellule ntshiab los ntawm cov paj rwb muaj kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm kev sib cais cov cellulose los ntawm kev sib cais ntawm cov paj rwb cog thiab ua kom huv. Nkag siab txog lub cev ntawm cov paj rwb thiab ua haujlwm tsim nyog xws li ginning, degumming, tshuaj dawb yog qhov tseem ceeb kom tau txais cov khoom zoo ntawm cellulose. Cov cellulose ntshiab tau txais los ntawm paj rwb muaj cov ntawv thov sib txawv thoob plaws kev lag luam thiab papermaking rau biofuels thiab kws tshuaj, ua rau nws muaj txiaj ntsig zoo thiab muaj txiaj ntsig cov khoom siv ntuj.
Lub Sijhawm Post: Apr-25-2024