Dab tsi yog qhov yuav tsum tau rau cov khoom siv raw ntawm masonry mortar?

Cov khoom siv raw siv hauv masonry mortar ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev txiav txim siab qhov ua tau zoo, zoo, thiab ua haujlwm ntev ntawm cov khoom tiav. Cov kev xav tau rau cov khoom siv raw ntawm masonry mortar feem ntau suav nrog cov hauv qab no:

1. Cov khoom siv cementitious:
   • Portland cement: Ordinary Portland cement (OPC) lossis cov cement sib xyaw xws li Portland cement nrog cov tshauv ya los yog slag feem ntau yog siv los ua thawj tus neeg sawv cev hauv cov cement mortar. Cov cement yuav tsum ua raws li cov qauv ASTM lossis EN cov qauv thiab muaj qhov tsim nyog zoo, teeb tsa lub sijhawm, thiab cov khoom muaj zog compressive.
   • Txiv qaub: Hydrated txiv qaub los yog txiv qaub putty yuav muab ntxiv rau masonry mortar formulations los txhim kho workability, plasticity, thiab durability. Txiv qaub txhim kho kev sib raug zoo ntawm mortar thiab masonry units thiab pab txo cov teebmeem ntawm shrinkage thiab cracking.
2. Aggregates:
   • Xuab zeb: huv si, zoo-qib, thiab cov xuab zeb zoo yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ua tiav lub zog xav tau, kev ua haujlwm tau zoo, thiab cov tsos ntawm masonry mortar. Cov xuab zeb yuav tsum tsis pub dawb los ntawm cov organic impurities, av nplaum, silt, thiab nplua nplua ntau dhau. Ntuj los yog tsim cov xuab zeb sib ntsib ASTM lossis EN specifications feem ntau siv.
   • Aggregate gradation: Lub particle loj tis ntawm aggregates yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo tswj xyuas kom txaus particle packing thiab txo cov voids nyob rau hauv lub mortar matrix. Cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke kom raug ua rau muaj kev txhim kho kev ua haujlwm, lub zog, thiab ua haujlwm ntev ntawm cov khoom siv masonry.
3. Dej:
   • Cov dej huv, dej haus tsis pub muaj kab mob, ntsev, thiab cov alkalinity ntau dhau yog xav tau rau kev sib xyaw cov tshuaj masonry. Qhov sib piv ntawm cov dej-rau-cement yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo tswj kom ua tiav qhov xav tau sib xws, ua haujlwm tau zoo, thiab lub zog ntawm cov mortar. Cov ntsiab lus dej ntau dhau tuaj yeem ua rau txo qis zog, nce shrinkage, thiab tsis muaj zog.
4. Additives thiab Admixtures:
   • Plasticizers: Cov khoom siv tshuaj lom neeg xws li cov dej txo cov yas yuav raug ntxiv rau cov tshuaj txhuam hniav los txhim kho kev ua haujlwm, txo cov dej xav tau, thiab txhim kho qhov ntws thiab sib xws ntawm mortar.
   • Cua-entraining agents: Cua-entraining admixtures feem ntau siv nyob rau hauv masonry mortar los txhim kho freeze-thaw kuj, workability, thiab durability los ntawm entraining microscopic cua npuas nyob rau hauv lub mortar matrix.
   • Retarders thiab accelerators: Retarding los yog accelerating admixtures yuav muab tso rau hauv masonry mortar formulations tswj lub sij hawm thiab txhim kho kev ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv tej yam kub thiab av noo tej yam kev mob.
5. Lwm yam khoom siv:
   • Pozzolanic cov ntaub ntawv: Cov ntaub ntawv ntxiv xws li cov tshauv ya, slag, lossis silica fume tuaj yeem muab ntxiv rau cov ntaub ntawv masonry los txhim kho lub zog, ruaj khov, thiab tiv thaiv sulfate nres thiab alkali-silica cov tshuaj tiv thaiv (ASR).
   • Fibers: Synthetic lossis natural fibers tuaj yeem suav nrog hauv cov tshuaj masonry mortar formulations los txhim kho kev tawg, kev cuam tshuam, thiab tensile lub zog.

cov ntaub ntawv raw siv hauv masonry mortar yuav tsum tau raws li cov qauv zoo, specifications, thiab cov txheej txheem kev ua tau zoo los xyuas kom meej cov kev ua tau zoo, durability, thiab compatibility nrog masonry units thiab kev tsim kho. Kev tswj kom zoo thiab kev soj ntsuam ntawm cov khoom siv raw yog qhov tseem ceeb los xyuas kom meej qhov sib xws thiab kev ntseeg siab hauv kev tsim cov tshuaj masonry mortar.