Dej Tuav Tseg ntawm Cov Hmoov Qhuav

1. Qhov xav tau ntawm dej tuav tseg

Txhua yam ntawm cov hauv paus uas xav tau cov tshuaj khib rau kev tsim kho muaj qee qib nqus dej nqus. Tom qab lub hauv paus txheej nqus cov dej hauv lub tshuaj khib, cov khoom siv khov kho, tshwj xeeb hauv lub zog muaj zog, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog lub zog sib xyaw ntawm lub hleb tawv Thiab lub hauv paus txheej, ua rau cug ua kom tawg thiab poob tawm. Yog hais tias lub plastering cug tau tsim nyog kav dej khaws kev ua tau zoo ntawm lub tshuaj khib, tab sis kuj tseem ua rau cov txheej txheem kev tsim kho kom haum rau txheej txheej ntawm cov cement.

2. Teeb meem nrog cov txheej txheem kev khaws ua ke

Cov tshuaj ib txwm muaj yog dej lub hauv paus, tab sis nws tsis yooj yim sua kom ntseeg tau tias lub hauv paus yog tusyees moistened. Lub hom phiaj hydration zoo tagnrho ntawm cov khoom xyaw ua ke ntawm lub hauv paus, thiab cov khoom sib txuas "tseem ceeb" nrog lub hauv paus, yog li kom ua tiav qhov yuav tsum tau ua kom muaj zog. Kev tso dej ncaj qha rau saum npoo ntawm lub hauv paus yuav ua rau muaj kev faib tawm loj hauv dej vim qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv, lub sijhawm tso dej, thiab tso dej tsis sib haum. Lub hauv paus muaj tsawg dua kev nqus dej thiab yuav txuas ntxiv kom nqus cov dej hauv lub tshuaj khib. Ua ntej cov cement cov dej khov kho, cov dej yog nqus, uas cuam tshuam rau cov khoom noj kom xis tuag thiab cov khoom nkag rau hauv cov khoom loj; Lub hauv paus muaj lub hauv paus nqus dej loj, thiab cov dej hauv cov tshuaj khib ntws mus rau lub hauv paus. Qhov nruab nrab tsiv teb tsaws chaw qeeb qeeb qeeb, thiab txawm tias txheej txheej dej-nplua nuj yog tsim ntawm lub cug tshuaj thiab lub matrix, uas tseem cuam tshuam rau kev sib khi ua kom muaj zog. Yog li, siv cov txheej txheem ywg dej ib txwm yuav tsis tsuas yog daws tau qhov teeb meem ntawm phab ntsa uas muaj zog ntawm lub phab ntsa thiab lub hauv paus, ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam thiab tawg.

3. Xav tau ntawm cov mortars sib txawv rau dej rov qab

Cov dej khaws cov hom phiaj khaws cia rau Plastering Cug Khoom Siv siv nyob rau qee thaj chaw thiab cov huab cua sib thooj tau npaj siab rau hauv qab no.

Lub Ncauj Dej Txhim Kho Kev Txhim Kho Txhuas Plaster

Cov dej nqus dej siab ntawm cov cua ua ke huab cua, nrog rau ntau yam kev sib faib ua ke ntawm cov dej nqus dej loj thiab ntev ntev. Lub plastering cap siv rau qhov no ntawm lub hauv paus txheej yuav tsum muaj dej rov qab tus nqi ntawm tsis tsawg dua 88%.

②LOW dej nqus Dej nqus cov txheej txheem plaster

Tsawg cov dej nqus cov kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov chaw sawv cev los ntawm cam khwb cia-hauv-hauv-hauv-hauv-nyob rau hauv-hauv-hauv-nyob rau hauv-hauv-hauv-nyob rau hauv-hauv-nyob rau hauv-hauv-hauv-nyob rau hauv-hauv-nyob rau hauv-hauv-hauv-nyob rau hauv-hauv-nyob rau hauv-hauv-nyob rau hauv-xws li polystyrene rwb thaiv tsev phab ntsa, thiab lwm yam. Lub plastering cap siv rau xws li substrates yuav tsum muaj dej rov qab tus nqi ntawm tsis tsawg dua 88%.

Lub Nplej Zhathin Txheej Plastering Cug

Nyias-txheej plastering yog hais txog lub plastering kev tsim kho nrog lub plastering txheej tuab ntawm 3 thiab 8 hli. Qhov kev tsim kho ntawm plastering no yooj yim kom plam noo noo vim yog cov txheej txheej nyias plastering, uas cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm thiab lub zog. Rau cug cug siv rau hom plastering no, nws cov dej khaws cia tsis muaj tsawg tshaj 99%.

Chothick Theem Plastering Computer

Thick txheej plastering hais txog lub plastering rau qhov kev tsim kho plastering qhov twg cov tuab ntawm ib txheej plastering yog nruab nrab ntawm 8mm thiab 20mm. Qhov kev tsim kho ntawm plastering no tsis yooj yim kom poob dej vim yog cov dej plastering tuab, yog li cov dej khaws cov tshuaj txhuam hniav nqus yuav tsum tsis pub tsawg tshaj 88%.

⑤ater-resistant putty

Dej-resistant putty yog siv los ua ib qho ultra-nyias plastering cov khoom, thiab cov kev tsim kho tuab yog nruab nrab ntawm 1 thiab 2 hli. Cov ntaub ntawv zoo li no yuav tsum muaj cov khoom siv tsis tshua muaj cua kom ntseeg tau tias lawv cov haujlwm ua haujlwm thiab nyiaj txiag lub zog. Rau cov khoom siv puty, nws cov dej khaws cia yuav tsum tsis pub tsawg tshaj li 99%, thiab cov dej khaws cia sab nrauv rau sab nrauv.

4. Hom dej-khaws cov ntaub ntawv

Cellulose ether

1) Methyl Cellulose ether (MC)

2) HydroxyPropyyl methyl cellulose ether (HPMC)

3) hydroxyethyl cellulose ether (HEC)

4) Carboxymethyl cellulose ether (cmc)

5) Hydroxyethyl Methyl Cellulose ether (Hemc)

Starch ether

1) hloov cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab ether

2) guar ether

Hloov cov ntxhia cov ntxhia cov ntxhia cov ntaube-khaws cov tuab (montmorillonite, bentonite, thiab lwm yam)

Tsib, cov hauv qab no tsom rau kev ua yeeb yam ntawm ntau yam ntaub ntawv

1. Cellulose ether

1.1 Txheej txheem cej luam ntawm cellulose ether

Cellulose ether yog ib lo lus dav dav rau cov khoom tsim los ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm alkali cellulose thiab sawv cev rau qee yam. Tau hloov cellulose txawv yog tau vim tias alkali Fiber hloov los ntawm cov neeg sawv cev sib txawv ethermov. Raws li Ionization cov yam ntxwv ntawm nws cov neeg hloov chaw, cov kws ua haujlwm cellulose tuaj yeem muab faib ua ob pawg: ultionic cellulose (xws li methyl cellulose (MC).

Raws li cov hom hloov chaw, cov kws kho mob cellulose tuaj yeem muab faib ua cov monoethers, xws li hydrothelethyl cellulose ether (Hecmc). Raws li cov kuab tshuaj sib txawv nws yaj, nws tuaj yeem faib ua ob hom: dej-soluble thiab organic folvent-soluble.

1.2 lub ntsiab cellulose ntau yam

Carboxymetylcelleculose (cmc), kev kawm qib ntawm qhov hloov chaw: 0.4-1.4; etherification tus neeg sawv cev, monooxyacetic acid; Duav cov plab zom, dej;

Carboxymetyl hydrotyl cellulose (cmhec), kev kawm qib siab ntawm kev hloov chaw: 0.7-1.0; sawv cev rau sawv cev, cov roj monooxyacce acid, ethylene oxide; Duav cov plab zom, dej;

Methylcellulose (MC), kev kawm qib siab ntawm kev hloov chaw: 1.5-2.4; Sawv cev sawv cev, methyl chloride; Duav cov plab zom, dej;

Hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC), kev kawm qib ntawm qhov hloov chaw: 1.3-3.0; sawv cev tus neeg sawv cev, ethylene oxide; Duav cov plab zom, dej;

Hydroxyethy Metylcellulose (HEMC), kev kawm qib siab ntawm kev hloov chaw: 1.5-2.0; Sawv cev rau sawv cev, Ethylene Oxide, Methyl Chloride; Duav cov plab zom, dej;

HydroxyPropyl cellulose (HPC), kev kawm qib siab ntawm kev hloov chaw: 2.5-3.5; sawv cev tus neeg sawv cev, propylene oxide; Duav cov plab zom, dej;

HydroxyPropyyl methylcellulose (HPMC), kev kawm qib siab ntawm kev hloov chaw: 1.5-2.0; Tus neeg sawv cev cev txiv ntoo, propylene oxide, methyl chloride; Duav cov plab zom, dej;

Ethyl Cellulose (EC), kev kawm qib siab ntawm kev hloov chaw: 2.3-2.6; sawv cev tus neeg sawv cev, tus neeg sawv cev monhoforoethane; Dissolvading solvent, Organic kuab tshuaj;

Ethyl hydrotyl cellulose (EHEC), kev kawm qib siab ntawm kev hloov chaw: 2.4-2.8; sawv cev tus neeg sawv cev, tus neeg sawv cev monhoforoethane, ethylene oxide; Dissolvading solvent, Organic kuab tshuaj;

1.3 cov khoom ntawm cellulose

1.3.1 Methyl Cellulose ether (MC)

①methylcellulose yog soluble hauv dej txias, thiab nws yuav nyuaj rau yaj hauv dej kub. Nws cov kev daws teeb meem aqueous yog qhov ruaj khov heev hauv cov xov tooj ntawm PH = 3-12. Nws muaj qhov sib xyaw zoo nrog cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab, cov pos hniav guar, thiab lwm yam thiab ntau surfactants. Thaum qhov ntsuas kub nce mus txog qhov gelation kub, gelation tshwm sim.

Dej tawm los ntawm methylcellulose nyob ntawm nws cov nyiaj ntxiv, viscosity, particle zoo heev thiab cuam tshuam tus nqi. Feem ntau, yog tias qhov nyiaj ntxiv yog qhov loj, lub ntsej muag yog me me, thiab cov viscosity yog loj, dej ceev ceev yog siab. Ntawm lawv, tus nqi ntawm kev ntxiv tau ntau tshaj plaws cuam tshuam rau kev siv dej hauv av, thiab qis tshaj viscosity tsis ncaj qha rau cov qib ntawm cov dej khaws cia. Qhov kev sib cais feem ntau yog nyob ntawm cov qib ntawm kev hloov kho saum npoo ntawm cov cellulose thiab particle txaus. Ntawm cov cellulose neeg hais lus, methyl cellulose muaj cov dej rov qab ua haujlwm dua.

Hloov pauv ntawm qhov ntsuas kub yuav cuam tshuam rau cov dej tswj hwm ntawm methyl cellulose. Feem ntau, qhov ntsuas kub siab dua, qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov dej khaws cia. Yog tias cug cug Kub tshaj 40 ° C, cov dej tuav ntawm methyl cellulose yuav cuam tshuam rau kev tsim kho cov tshuaj khib.

④ methyl cellulose muaj qhov cuam tshuam tseem ceeb ntawm kev tsim kho thiab nplaum ntawm cug. Qhov "adhesion" ntawm no yog hais txog lub zog nplaum tau hnov ​​ntawm tus neeg ua haujlwm cov cuab tam thiab phab ntsa substrate, uas yog, cov shear tiv thaiv ntawm lub cug. Cov nplaum yog qhov siab, cov shearing tsis kam ntawm lub cug yog cov loj, thiab kev tsim kho ntawm lub tshuaj khib ua tsis zoo. Methyl cellulose adhesion yog nyob rau theem qib hauv cellulose ether.

1.3.2 HydroxyPropyyl methyl cellulose ether (HPMC)

HydroxyPropyyl methylulose yog cov khoom lag luam fiber ntau uas cov zis thiab kev siv ntau zuj zus nyob rau xyoo tas los no.

Nws yog ib qho tsis-ionic cellulose sib xyaw ither ua los ntawm cov neeg muaj paj rwb tom qab kev sib dhos thiab methylene oxide thiab methification tus sawv cev, thiab dhau los ntawm kev tawm tsam. Qib degree hloov chaw yog feem ntau 1.5-2.0. Nws cov khoom sib txawv vim qhov sib piv sib txawv ntawm methoxyl cov ntsiab lus thiab hydroxypropropsyl cov ntsiab lus. Cov ntsiab lus ntawm methoxyl cov ntsiab lus thiab cov ntsiab lus hydroxypropyl, kev ua tau zoo nyob ze rau methyl cellulose; Cov ntsiab lus methoxyl tsawg thiab cov ntsiab lus hydroxypropyl, kev ua yeeb yam yog ze rau hydroxyprropyl cellulose.

①hydrropyyl methylculose yog yooj yim soluble hauv dej txias, thiab nws yuav nyuaj rau yaj hauv dej kub. Tab sis nws gelation kub hauv dej kub yog qhov siab dua li ntawm methyl cellulose. Lub solubility hauv dej txias kuj tseem txhim kho piv nrog methyl cellulose.

② Lub viscosity ntawm hydroxypropylencellulose muaj feem xyuam rau nws cov molecular hnyav, thiab ntau dua molecular hnyav, ntau dua viscosity. Qhov kub kuj cuam tshuam rau nws cov viscosity, raws li kub nce ntxiv, viscosity txo. Tab sis nws viscosity muaj tsawg dua kev cuam tshuam los ntawm qhov kub me dua li methyl cellulose. Nws cov kev daws teeb meem yog ruaj khov thaum khaws cia ntawm chav tsev kub.

DEJ RESTENTION NTAWM Hydroxypropylulose nyob ntawm nws tus nqi ntxiv, thiab nws cov dej khaws cia nyob rau hauv tib tus nqi yog siab dua li ntawm methyl cellulose.

④hydrropal methylpcellulose yog ruaj khov rau kua qaub thiab alkali, thiab nws cov kua aqueous yog qhov ruaj khov heev hauv cov ph = 2-12. Caustic dej qab zib thiab kua qaub muaj cov nyhuv me me rau nws cov kev ua tau zoo, tab sis alkali tuaj yeem ua rau nws qhov kev sib cais thiab me ntsis nce nws qhov viscosity. HydroxyPropyyl methylulose yog ruaj khov rau cov ntsev ua kom zoo, tab sis thaum lub hom phiaj ntawm hydroxypropen methylropylulose kev daws teeb meem.

⑤hydrropyyl methylcellulose tuaj yeem sib xyaw nrog cov dej-soluble polymers los ua cov khoom siv tsis zoo thiab cov pob tshab nrog cov viscosity ntau dua. Xws li cov dej cawv polyvinyl, cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab ether, zaub cov pos hniav, thiab lwm yam.

⑥ HydroxyPropyyl methylcellulose tau zoo dua enzyme tiv thaiv dua methylcellose, thiab nws cov kev daws teeb meem tsis tshua muaj kev cuam tshuam los ntawm cov enzymes dua methylulose.

⑦the adhesion ntawm hydroxypropyl methylcellulose rau tshuaj tshuaj kho yog siab tshaj li methylcellulose.

1.3.3 hydroxyethyl cellulose ether (HEC)

Nws yog tsim los ntawm cov paj rwb reched kho nrog alkali, thiab siv nrog ethylene oxide raws li etherification tus neeg sawv cev hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm acetone. Qib degree hloov chaw yog feem ntau 1.5-2.0. Nws muaj muaj zog hydrophilicity thiab yog yooj yim los nqus dej noo.

①hydroxyethyl cellulose yog soluble hauv dej txias, tab sis nws yog qhov nyuaj rau yaj hauv dej kub. Nws cov kev daws teeb meem yog ruaj khov ntawm qhov kub siab tsis muaj kev sib cav. Nws tuaj yeem siv tau ntev nyob rau hauv lub siab ntev nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj khib, tab sis nws cov dej khaws cia yog qis dua ntawm methyl cellulose.

②hydroxyethyl cellulose yog ruaj khov rau General acid thiab alkali. Alkali tuaj yeem nrawm nws qhov kev sib cais thiab ua kom nce me ntsis nws viscosity. Nws qhov kev tsis txaus ntseeg hauv dej yog ib qho tsis zoo me ntsis dua li methyl cellulose thiab hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose.

③hydroxyethyl cellulose muaj qhov zoo anti-sag kev ua haujlwm rau tshuaj khib, tab sis nws muaj sijhawm retarding ntev dua rau cov cement.

④THTHTHY Kev ua tau zoo ntawm hydroxyethyl cellulose cellulose tau ua los ntawm qee cov lag luam hauv tsev nyob yog qhov qis dua ntawm methyl cellulose vim nws cov ntsiab lus hauv dej siab thiab cov ntsiab lus tshauv.

1.3.4 Carboxymethyl cellulose ether (cmc) yog ua los ntawm kev kho ntuj (rwbpium etecture Cov degree ntawm kev hloov pauv tau yog feem ntau 0.4-1.4, thiab nws cov kev ua tau zoo tau cuam tshuam los ntawm kev hloov pauv ntawm qhov hloov chaw.

①carboxymethyl cellulose muaj hygroscopic zoo heev, thiab nws yuav muaj cov dej ntau thaum khaws cia hauv cov xwm txheej dav dav.

②hydroxymethyl cellulose aqueous aqueous queous aqueous queous aity yuav tsis tsim gel, thiab lub viscosity yuav poob nrog qhov kub thiab txias. Thaum qhov kub tshaj 50 ℃, lub viscosity yog irreversible.

Nws cov ruaj khov yog cuam tshuam ntau heev los ntawm Ph. Feem ntau, nws tuaj yeem siv rau hauv gypsum-raws cug, tab sis tsis nyob rau hauv cov cement-raws cug. Thaum alkaline heev, nws loses viscosity.

Nws cov dej khaws cia yog qhov qis dua ntawm methyl cellulose. Nws muaj cov nyhuv retarding rau gypsum-raws li coll thiab txo nws lub zog. Txawm li cas los xij, tus nqi ntawm carboxymethyl cellulose yog qhov qis dua li ntawm methyl cellulose.

2. Hloov cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab ether

Cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab feem ntau siv nyob rau hauv kev nplua nuj tau hloov kho los ntawm cov polymers ntawm qee polysaccharides. Xws li cov qos yaj kiab, pob kws, cov taum, guar, thiab lwm yam. Yog hloov kho rau hauv ntau cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab ua haujlwm. Cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab nquag siv nyob rau hauv culture yog hydroxyproprops ether, hydroxymethyl starch ether, thiab lwm yam.

Feem ntau, cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab hloov kho los ntawm cov qos yaj ywm, pob kws, thiab coasson muaj tsawg dua kev ua haujlwm ntau dua li cov cellulose neeg muaj kev hais ua. Vim tias nws cov qib sib txawv ntawm kev hloov kho, nws qhia tau qhov sib txawv rau cov kua qaub thiab alkali. Qee cov khoom lag luam yog tsim nyog rau siv nyob rau hauv gypsum-fortlars, thaum lwm tus tsis tuaj yeem siv hauv cement-raws li Mement-raws li Maas-raws li Mement-raws li Mement-li FANary. Daim ntawv thov ntawm cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab ether hauv cug tshuaj khib feem ntau yog txhim kho cov tshuaj khib, txo cov nplaum ntawm lub sijhawm qhib.

Cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab feem ntau siv ua ke nrog cellulose, ua rau muaj kev sib txuam thiab zoo ntawm ob cov khoom. Txij li cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab ether cov khoom lag luam muaj cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab ether ether shock yuav coj ntawm qhov kev txo qis hauv tus nqi tshuaj ntsiav tshuaj.

3. Guar mauv ether

Guar pos hniav ether yog ib hom ntawm etheried etheri polysaccharide nrog cov khoom tshwj xeeb, uas tau hloov kho los ntawm ntuj guar taum. Feem ntau los ntawm lub etherification cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm cov gluar pos hniav, tus qauv muaj 2-hydroxyprropyl muaj kev tsim ua, uas yog polygalactCactannaus qauv.

①Culpared nrog cellulose ether, gasar post yog yooj yim kom yaj hauv dej. Ph yeej tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam rau kev ua yeeb yam ntawm guar pos hniav ether.

The Doserder cov xwm txheej ntawm cov viscosity qis thiab cov tshuaj qis, cov hnab gamital yuav hloov tau cellulose ether hauv ib qho kev sib npaug, thiab muaj dej sib npaug. Tab sis qhov sib xws, tiv thaiv, thixotropy thiab yog li ntawd yog hloov kho kom meej.

The Doserder cov xwm txheej ntawm siab viscosity thiab ntau npaum li cas ntau ntau, cov guaar ntawm cov kob hluav taws xob ether, thiab kev sib xyaw ntawm ob yuav tsim cov txiaj ntsig zoo.

④Qhov kev thov cov hnab pos hniav hauv gypsum-raws li kev sib xyaw ua ke tau txo cov adhesion thaum lub sijhawm kev tsim kho thiab ua rau cov khoom siv smoother. Nws tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam tsis zoo rau lub sijhawm teeb tsa lub sijhawm thiab lub zog ntawm Gypsum tshuaj khib.

⑤ Thaum Guar pos hniav yog thov rau Masonry thiab Plastering Chocolate, thiab endow lub cellulose zoo li sagging tsis kam, thixotropy thiab smoothness ntawm kev tsim kho.

⑥n cug kab tshuaj muaj viscosity siab thiab cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov dej tuav cov neeg sawv cev, cov duab guar thiab cellulose ether yuav ua haujlwm ua ke kom tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo heev.

⑦ Guar gas kuj tseem siv tau hauv cov khoom lag luam xws li cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke, cov av uas muaj roj, thiab tshuaj khib polymer rau phab ntsa phab ntsa.

4. Hloov kho cov ntxhia cov av-tuav cov tuab dua

Cov dej-khaws cov tuab khaws cia ua cov zaub mov muaj ntuj los ntawm kev hloov kho thiab sib sau ua ke tau thov hauv Suav teb. Cov zaub mov tseem ceeb tau siv los npaj cov dej ua kom tuab yog: sepiolite, bentmorillonite, kaolin, etc. Cov zaub mov no los ntawm kev hloov kho xws li coupking cov neeg sawv cev. Qhov dej no-khaws cov ntaub pua plag no rau tshuaj khib muaj cov cwj pwm hauv qab no.

① Nws tuaj yeem txhim kho kev ua tau zoo ntawm cug cug, thiab daws cov teeb meem tsis zoo ntawm colle cug, thiab dej tsis zoo.

Cov khoom siv chiv muaj cov qib sib txawv rau cov khoom siv sib txawv rau kev lag luam dav dav thiab cov tsev pej xeem tuaj yeem tsim.

Tam sim no cov khoom siv nqi tsawg.

④ Cov dej tuav tseg yog qis dua li ntawm cov organic dej tswj cov neeg sawv cev, thiab cov dej khov qhuav ntawm lub teeb cug yog qhov loj me, thiab cohesiveness yog txo.