Dab tsi yog lub luag haujlwm ntawm cov dej tuav cov neeg sawv cev sib xyaw rau hauv gypsum hmoov khoom?
Teb: plastering gypsum, bonded gypsum, caulking gypsum, gypsum putty thiab lwm yam khoom siv hmoov siv. Txhawm rau txhim kho kev tsim kho, gypsum retarders tau ntxiv thaum lub sijhawm tsim khoom kom ntev lub sijhawm tsim kho ntawm gypsum slurry. Ib qho retarder ntxiv rau inhibit cov txheej txheem hydration ntawm hemihydrate gypsum. Hom gypsum slurry no yuav tsum tau khaws cia rau ntawm phab ntsa rau 1 mus rau 2 teev ua ntej nws condenses, thiab feem ntau ntawm cov phab ntsa muaj cov khoom nqus dej, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov phab ntsa cib, ntxiv rau cov phab ntsa ntawm cov phab ntsa, cov phab ntsa porous thiab lwm cov ntaub ntawv tshiab ntawm cov phab ntsa, yog li cov gypsum slurry yuav tsum tau khaws cov dej kom tsis txhob muaj cov slurry ntawm cov phab ntsa ntawm cov dej thaum lub sij hawm luv luv. gypsum slurry hardens thiab tsis txaus hydration. Ua tiav, ua rau kev sib cais thiab kev sib tsoo ntawm kev sib koom ua ke ntawm plaster thiab phab ntsa nto. Qhov sib ntxiv ntawm cov dej tuav tus neeg sawv cev yog los tswj cov dej noo uas muaj nyob rau hauv gypsum slurry, kom ntseeg tau tias cov tshuaj tiv thaiv dej ntawm gypsum slurry ntawm qhov sib txuas, thiaj li ua kom lub zog sib txuas. Feem ntau siv cov dej tuav cov neeg ua haujlwm yog cov cellulose ethers, xws li: methyl cellulose (MC), hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC), hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose (HEMC), thiab lwm yam. Tsis tas li ntawd, polyvinyl cawv, sodium alginate, hloov cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab, diatomaceous earth, tsis tshua muaj hmoov av, thiab lwm yam.
Tsis muaj teeb meem dab tsi ntawm tus neeg saib xyuas dej tuaj yeem ncua sijhawm hydration ntawm gypsum mus rau qhov sib txawv, thaum tus nqi ntawm cov retarder tseem tsis hloov, tus neeg saib xyuas dej feem ntau tuaj yeem retard qhov chaw rau 15-30 feeb. Yog li ntawd, tus nqi ntawm retarder tuaj yeem raug txo kom tsim nyog.
Dab tsi yog qhov zoo ntawm cov dej tuav tus neeg sawv cev hauv gypsum hmoov khoom?
Teb: Cov dej khaws cia feem ntau yog siv rau hauv cov khoom siv hmoov xws li plastering gypsum, bonding gypsum, caulk gypsum, thiab gypsum putty. Vim tias hom gypsum no sib xyaw nrog cov khoom siv rov qab, uas cuam tshuam cov txheej txheem hydration ntawm hemihydrate gypsum, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau nqa tawm kev kho dej ntawm cov gypsum slurry los tiv thaiv ib feem ntawm cov dej hauv slurry los ntawm kev hloov mus rau phab ntsa, uas ua rau dej tsis txaus thiab tsis tiav hydration thaum gypsum slurry yog hardened. Qhov sib ntxiv ntawm cov dej tuav tus neeg sawv cev yog los tswj cov dej noo uas muaj nyob rau hauv gypsum slurry, kom ntseeg tau tias cov tshuaj tiv thaiv dej ntawm gypsum slurry ntawm qhov sib txuas, thiaj li ua kom lub zog sib txuas.
Nws qhov ntau npaum li cas yog 0.1% mus rau 0.2% (sau nyiaj rau gypsum), thaum gypsum slurry yog siv rau ntawm phab ntsa nrog cov dej muaj zog nqus (xws li cov pob zeb aerated, perlite rwb thaiv tsev boards, gypsum blocks, cib ntsa, thiab lwm yam), thiab thaum npaj kev sib txuas gypsum, caulking nto ntawm plaster gypsum. Tus neeg saib xyuas dej yuav tsum loj dua (feem ntau 0.2% mus rau 0.5%).
Cov dej khaws cia xws li methyl cellulose (MC) thiab hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) yog cov dej txias, tab sis lawv yuav tsim cov pob hauv thawj theem thaum lawv ncaj qha yaj hauv dej. Cov dej tuav tus neeg sawv cev yuav tsum tau ua ntej sib xyaw nrog gypsum hmoov kom tawg. Npaj ua hmoov qhuav; ntxiv dej thiab do, cia sawv ntsug rau 5 feeb, do dua, cov nyhuv zoo dua. Txawm li cas los xij, tam sim no muaj cov khoom lag luam cellulose ether uas tuaj yeem yaj ncaj qha hauv dej, tab sis lawv muaj kev cuam tshuam me ntsis rau kev tsim cov hmoov qhuav mortar.
Yuav ua li cas lub waterproofing tus neeg saib xyuas ua ib tug waterproof muaj nuj nqi nyob rau hauv lub gypsum hardened lub cev?
Teb: Ntau hom kev tiv thaiv dej tsis zoo siv lawv cov dej tsis zoo hauv gypsum hardened lub cev raws li ntau hom kev ua. Hauv paus tuaj yeem muab sau ua plaub txoj hauv qab no:
(1) Txo cov solubility ntawm gypsum hardened lub cev, ua kom cov softening coefficient, thiab ib nrab hloov cov calcium sulfate dihydrate nrog siab solubility nyob rau hauv lub hardened lub cev mus rau hauv calcium ntsev nrog tsawg solubility. Piv txwv li, saponified hluavtaws fatty acid uas muaj C7-C9 yog ntxiv, thiab tus nqi tsim nyog ntawm quicklime thiab ammonium borate yog ntxiv rau tib lub sijhawm.
(2) Tsim ib txheej txheej zaj duab xis tsis muaj dej los thaiv cov kab mob zoo capillary hauv lub cev tawv. Piv txwv li, blending paraffin emulsion, asphalt emulsion, rosin emulsion thiab paraffin-rosin composite emulsion, txhim kho asphalt composite emulsion, thiab lwm yam.
(3) Hloov lub zog saum npoo ntawm lub cev tawv, kom cov dej molecules nyob rau hauv lub xeev cohesive thiab tsis tuaj yeem nkag mus rau hauv cov kab capillary. Piv txwv li, ntau yam silicone dej repellent yog incorporated, nrog rau ntau yam emulsified silicone roj.
(4) Los ntawm txheej txheej sab nraud lossis dipping kom cais cov dej los ntawm kev nkag mus rau hauv cov kab capillary ntawm lub cev tawv, ntau yam khoom siv silicone tuaj yeem siv tau. Solvent-based silicones yog zoo dua li dej-raws li silicones, tab sis cov qub ua rau cov roj permeability ntawm gypsum hardened lub cev tsis kam.
Txawm hais tias cov khoom siv sib txawv tuaj yeem siv los txhim kho cov dej tsis zoo ntawm gypsum cov ntaub ntawv hauv tsev sib txawv, gypsum tseem yog cov khoom siv huab cua-hardening gelling, uas tsis haum rau qhov chaw nyob sab nraum zoov lossis nyob rau lub sijhawm ntev, thiab tsuas yog tsim rau ib puag ncig nrog kev hloov ntub thiab qhuav.
Dab tsi yog kev hloov kho ntawm lub tsev gypsum los ntawm tus neeg saib xyuas dej?
Teb: Muaj ob txoj hauv kev tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua ntawm gypsum waterproofing tus neeg sawv cev: ib qho yog ua kom cov softening coefficient los ntawm kev txo cov solubility, thiab lwm yam yog txo cov dej nqus tus nqi ntawm cov ntaub ntawv gypsum. Thiab txo qhov nqus dej tuaj yeem ua los ntawm ob yam. Ib qho yog ua kom cov compactness ntawm hardened gypsum, uas yog, txo cov dej nqus ntawm gypsum los ntawm kev txo cov porosity thiab structural tawg, thiaj li mus txhim kho cov dej tsis kam ntawm gypsum. Lwm qhov yog ua kom lub zog saum npoo ntawm gypsum hardened lub cev, uas yog, kom txo tau cov dej nqus ntawm gypsum los ntawm kev ua lub pore nto tsim ib zaj duab xis hydrophobic.
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv dej uas txo cov porosity ua lub luag haujlwm los ntawm kev thaiv cov pores zoo ntawm gypsum thiab ua kom cov compactness ntawm lub cev gypsum. Muaj ntau cov khoom sib xyaw kom txo cov porosity, xws li: paraffin emulsion, asphalt emulsion, rosin emulsion thiab paraffin asphalt composite emulsion. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv dej tsis zoo no muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv kev txo cov porosity ntawm gypsum raws li txoj kev teeb tsa kom zoo, tab sis tib lub sijhawm, lawv kuj muaj kev cuam tshuam tsis zoo rau cov khoom siv gypsum.
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv dej feem ntau uas hloov lub zog saum npoo yog silicone. Nws tuaj yeem nkag mus rau qhov chaw nres nkoj ntawm txhua qhov pore, hloov lub zog saum npoo ntawm qhov ntev, thiab yog li hloov lub kaum sab xis ntawm cov dej, ua rau cov dej molecules condense ua ke los ua cov tee dej, thaiv cov dej infiltration, ua tiav lub hom phiaj ntawm waterproofing, thiab tib lub sij hawm tswj huab cua permeability ntawm plaster. Ntau yam ntawm cov khoom siv dej tsis zoo no feem ntau suav nrog: sodium methyl siliconate, silicone resin, emulsified silicone roj, thiab lwm yam. Tau kawg, tus neeg saib xyuas dej tsis zoo no xav kom txoj kab uas hla ntawm lub qhov hws tsis tuaj yeem loj dhau, thiab tib lub sijhawm nws tsis tuaj yeem tiv thaiv qhov nkag ntawm cov dej siab, thiab tsis tuaj yeem daws cov teeb meem mus sij hawm ntev ntawm cov dej tsis zoo thiab cov khoom pov thawj ntawm gypsum.
Cov kws tshawb fawb hauv tsev siv cov txheej txheem ntawm kev sib xyaw cov khoom siv organic thiab cov khoom siv tsis zoo, uas yog, raws li cov organic emulsion waterproofing tus neeg saib xyuas tau los ntawm co-emulsification ntawm polyvinyl cawv thiab stearic acid, thiab ntxiv alum pob zeb, naphthalenesulfonate aldehyde condensate Ib hom tshiab ntawm gypsum composite waterproofing tus neeg sawv cev yog tsim los ntawm cov dej tsis zoo. Cov gypsum composite waterproofing tus neeg sawv cev tuaj yeem ncaj qha sib xyaw nrog gypsum thiab dej, koom nrog cov txheej txheem crystallization ntawm gypsum, thiab tau txais cov nyhuv dej zoo dua.
Dab tsi yog qhov inhibitory nyhuv ntawm silane waterproofing tus neeg saib xyuas ntawm efflorescence nyob rau hauv gypsum mortar?
Teb: (1) Qhov sib ntxiv ntawm silane waterproofing tus neeg saib xyuas tuaj yeem txo qhov degree ntawm efflorescence ntawm gypsum mortar, thiab cov degree ntawm efflorescence inhibition ntawm gypsum mortar nce nrog nce silane ntxiv nyob rau hauv ib tug tej yam ntau yam. Cov nyhuv inhibitory ntawm silane ntawm 0.4% silane yog qhov zoo tagnrho, thiab nws cov nyhuv inhibitory zoo li ruaj khov thaum cov nyiaj ntau tshaj qhov nyiaj no.
(2) Qhov sib ntxiv ntawm silane tsis tsuas yog tsim cov txheej txheem hydrophobic ntawm cov tshuaj khib nyiab los tiv thaiv kev nkag mus ntawm cov dej sab nraud, tab sis kuj txo cov kev tsiv teb tsaws ntawm cov lye los ua efflorescence, uas ua rau muaj txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm inhibitory efflorescence.
(3) Thaum qhov sib ntxiv ntawm silane tseem ceeb inhibits efflorescence, nws tsis muaj qhov cuam tshuam rau cov khoom siv ntawm cov khoom siv gypsum mortar, thiab tsis cuam tshuam rau kev tsim ntawm cov qauv sab hauv thiab lub peev xwm kawg ntawm cov khoom lag luam los ntawm cov khoom gypsum qhuav-siv tsev cov ntaub ntawv.
Post lub sij hawm: Nov-22-2022